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-
- September 1991
-
-
- POLICE PRACTICES:
- MINISTERS TEAM WITH POLICE TO KEEP THE PEACE
-
- By
-
- D. R. Staton
- Minister
- President
- Police and Ministers Associaton
- Virginia Beach, Virginia
- and
- Larry Edwards
- Minister
- Coordinator
- Daytona Beach Police-Ministers Association
-
-
- In 1989, an annual Labor Day weekend gathering of college
- students in the resort city of Virginia Beach, Virginia, erupted
- into violent rioting. Thousands of students who had gathered to
- celebrate "Greekfest," so-called because of its origins as a
- fraternity gathering, took to the streets, looting shorefront
- shops and creating social unrest. The event captured media
- attention. Nationwide, Americans witnessed the rioting and law
- enforcement response that mirrored police actions of the 1960s.
-
- Once the student uprising was quelled, the city council and
- police department looked for ways to avert similar situations.
- Virginia Beach had built a reputation as a family vacation spot.
- But the events of the 1989 Labor Day weekend, combined with
- rising youth gang activity, threatened to mar the peaceful
- atmosphere of the resort.
-
- In searching for new approaches to deal with the large
- number of students (and other young visitors) who stream into
- the city for the Labor Day weekend, Virginia Beach Police
- officials focused on a similar event that occurred annually in
- Daytona Beach, Florida. Each year, college students and other
- young adults converge on the resort area during Spring Break.
- While slightly higher arrest rates and the expected parking
- infractions occur during this time, there are no largescale
- disturbances as the one that took place in Virginia Beach.
-
- THE DAYTONA BEACH EXPERIENCE
-
- When Virginia Beach police officials visited the Daytona
- area, they found that an integral part of the police
- department's strategy to quell potential unrest is an expanded
- police chaplain program. Since its establishment in 1986, the
- Daytona Beach Police-Ministers Association has served as both a
- buffer and liaison between the police and the community. The
- association is made up of area chaplains, both black and white,
- representing many faiths. The ministers ride with officers
- throughout the year, but increase their presence during special
- events, such as Spring Break and college homecomings.
-
- The ministers are trained and sensitized to the rigors of
- law enforcement. The majority of their instruction comes from
- the programs coordinator, who is a former police officer.
-
- In addition, the ministers are trained to spot crowd
- "leaders." As they mingle with groups of young people in the
- resort area, they explain what the police are doing and why.
- Though this is not an easy task, their success rate has been
- very high. As a result, the ministers are credited with
- quelling many would-be, and potentially explosive, disturbances.
- They, in particular, create a calming effect upon young,
- would-be troublemakers who, at the slightest provocation, could
- confront the police.
-
- The coordinator of the Daytona association persuaded the
- Virginia Beach Police Department, and then a somewhat reluctant
- community, to consider the same approach in that city. The
- result was the creation of the Virginia Beach Police and
- Ministers Association.
-
- MINISTERS TEAM UP WITH POLICE
-
- At the direction of the police chief, 40 members of the
- clergy from Virginia Beach area churches of all denominations
- were asked to become certified police chaplains. Over 30
- volunteer chaplains, including military chaplains from the
- nearby naval base in Norfolk, attended a weeklong workshop and
- orientation in June 1990. The coordinator of the Daytona Beach
- program made several visits to Virginia Beach to help set up the
- program and to supervise the training. The instruction
- included:
-
- * Crowd control techniques,
-
- * General communication skills,
-
- * Basic self-defense,
-
- * Police radio operation,
-
- * Patrol car conduct/activity,
-
- * Police patrol regulations and procedures,
-
- * General counseling (of both officers and citizens),
-
- * Instruction concerning when to assist officers,
-
- * Coping with failure,
-
- * Human relations skills, and
-
- * Relating to military personnel.
-
- In addition, the ministers were shown films, complete with
- critical assessments, of the 1989 riot in Virginia Beach and
- Daytonas 1990 Spring Break.
-
- On the last day of training, the volunteer chaplains were
- assigned to accompany officers on foot patrol. One chaplain was
- assigned to each of the 16 two-officer foot patrol teams
- covering the resorts main strip roadway. In addition, a
- chaplain accompanied each of the 12 two-officer units patrolling
- the boardwalk area (approximately 50 blocks.)
-
- RESULTS
-
- During the first weeks of the program, chaplains proved
- very effective in calming potentially explosive situations.
- Often, they succeeded in averting confrontations before police
- involvement was required. Gradually, reluctant officers began
- to request the assistance of the chaplains in various
- situations.
-
- The volunteer chaplains worked every Friday and Saturday
- night from June 29th to the Labor Day weekend (also including
- the July 4th holiday). When the summer tourist season came to
- an end, the volunteer chaplains had completed 1,626 hours of
- walking beats with police officers.
-
- LABORFEST 1990
-
- The "big test" for the chaplain program, however, was the
- Labor Day weekend and the task of helping to "keep the lid" on
- the potentially explosive annual gathering of students and young
- adults, now called Laborfest. The holiday weekend was the
- program's most active, with 35 chaplains contributing 740 hours
- of service. The result of the chaplains' efforts and the other
- measures adopted by the city proved very successful. During
- Labor Day weekend 1989, there were approximately 1,500 arrests
- and significant property damage to the city. During the same
- weekend in 1990, there were 100 arrests and only minimal
- property damage.
-
- There were several reasons for this success. A
- comprehensive strategy had been developed to alleviate some of
- the factors that contributed to the unrest of the previous year.
- Checkpoints were erected at the entrances to the resort strip to
- restrict traffic flow, and only residents and visitors with
- confirmed accommodations were allowed to proceed past the
- checkpoints. Other motorists were required to park their
- vehicles at satellite sites where a shuttle service was
- operating to take them to and from the waterfront. In addition,
- concerts, dances, and other events were organized by the city,
- as part of Laborfest.
-
- The chaplain program, too, was an integral part of the
- police department's strategy to reduce the possibility of
- unrest. Officers maintained a low profile and allowed the
- chaplains to approach problem situations in pairs or groups.
- When crowds began to get overzealous or rowdy, chaplains
- provided a calming influence that kept the atmosphere peaceful.
-
- After the Labor Day weekend, 23 chaplains chose to remain
- active in the program. They were provided additional training
- and are now assigned to accompany patrol units in all areas of
- the city. The remaining chaplains are available for special
- events and for resumption of the summer program.
-
- CONCLUSION
-
- When violence and criminal activity threatened the peaceful
- atmosphere in Virginia Beach, police officials decided to
- approach the problem with innovative strategies. Basing an
- expanded police chaplain program on the successful Daytona Beach
- experience, they were able to provide an effective response to
- the problem at a minimal cost to the city.
-
- Volunteer chaplains have proved to be a very valuable
- police resource. They provide a calming influence and help to
- reduce anxiety during potentially violent situations. In the
- process, they have helped to foster a sense of good will between
- the police, the community, and visitors to the resort area.
-